Ebyuma ebikebera amaaso mu ngeri ey’obwengula (automatic optical inspection equipment) bye bikozesebwa mu kwekenneenya amaaso mu ngeri ey’obwengula (high-precision automated optical inspection equipment mu kisaawe ky’okupakinga n’okugezesa semikondokita. Beesigamye ku tekinologiya wa AOI ow’okukebera amaaso mu ngeri ey’otoma, nga bagasseeko kkamera ez’obulungi ennyo, enkola z’okukola ebifaananyi, n’enkola z’okuteeka mu kifo ekituufu okuzuula mu ngeri ey’enjawulo obulema mu waya za zaabu (bonding leads) eziyunga chips za semikondokita ku nkulungo ez’ebweru. Zino bye bikozesebwa ebikulu eby’okukebera omutindo mu nkola y’okupakinga chip.
Okulonda ekyuma ekikebera amaaso ekya Automatic si nsonga ya kugeraageranya nnamba ntono ku brocuwa etumbula. Kisinga kufaanana kikolwa ekiweweevu eky’okutebenkeza wakati w’obutuufu, sipiidi, okutebenkera, n’omuwendo. Leero, nja kubagabana naawe ebipimo bitaano ebikulu ebisukka ku bikwata ku biwandiiko, okusinziira ku bumanyirivu bwange obw’emyaka. Ebipimo bino bifuuse omutindo gwange ogw’okwekenneenya ebyuma byonna ebya AOI.
Ekiraga 1: Obutuufu bw’okugezesa okutwalira awamu– Ensonga yo eya wansi ku mutindo
Okusooka, twetaaga okutuuka ku kukkiriziganya: "micrometer-level resolution" ewandiikiddwa mu fonti esinga obutono ku specifications etera okuba omuzannyo gwa namba gwokka. Kiyinza okutuukibwako mu kisenge ekiyonjo ekituufu, naye mu ngeri yonna tekikyenkana "obutuufu obw'amazima" obw'okukola okutebenkevu mu kkolero.
Obutuufu bw’okugezesa obujjuvu bwe tutwala ng’ekikulu butegeeza obusobozi bw’ebyuma okuzuula obutakyukakyuka obulema obukulu mu mbeera yo entuufu ey’okufulumya, olunaku ku lunaku. Ng’ekyokulabirako, waliwo enjatika mu bulago obwo obwa waya ennyimpi? Enkula y’akapiira ako akatono aka solder si ya bulijjo? Bino bye bikolwa ebikyamu okusalawo kw’enzikiriziganya (theoretical resolution) kwokka kwe kutasobola kuzuula.
● Amagezi ag’omugaso: Tokyesiga data ya brocuwa nga tozibye amaaso.
● Enkola esinga obulungi kwe kusaba omugabi okuleeta ebyuma byabwe, oba ggwe okuleeta sampuli y’ebintu byo, okugezesebwa okw’ensi entuufu-ng’okozesa fuleemu yo eya zaabu-ya waya ng’erina obulema obumanyiddwa. Ekyuma bwe kiddamu buli kiseera ebivuddemu ebituufu ku kintu kyo, ekiraga obutuufu kye kibala.
Ekiraga 2: Enzikiriziganya wakati w’embiro n’omuwendo gw’okusalawo obubi– obulamu bw’okukola obulungi
Buli mutunzi ajja kukubuulira n’obunyiikivu UPH ye (tests per hour) gy’eri waggulu. Naye nsaba mu bukkakkamu obuuze ekibuuzo ekiddako: "Fulse positive rate yo eri etya?"
Singa nsobola okukuwa amagezi gamu gokka, gandibadde gano: tokebera sipiidi ya kukebera n’omuwendo gwa false positive okwawukana. Ku kyuma ekirina UPH ya 10,000, false positive rate esukka 5% kiba kya katyabaga. Teebereza abakebera bo re-nga balina okusengejja omuwendo omunene ennyo ogwa "obulema obw'obulimba" okuzuula obulema obutonotono obw'amazima. Kino tekikoma ku kukendeeza nnyo ku bifulumizibwa okutwalira awamu wabula era kikooya abaddukanya emirimu, ekyongera obulabe bw’okubulwa obulema obw’amazima.
N’olwekyo, mu kiseera ky’okwekenneenya, ebibuuzo bino ebibiri byetaaga okubuuzibwa oyo agaba ebintu:
● "Nga tufudde nti omuwendo gw'okukwata gusukka ebitundu 99.5%, omuwendo gwa false positive ogwa bulijjo ogw'ebyuma byo gwe guliwa?"
● "Sofutiweya yo ey'okuzuula erina obusobozi obw'okweyiga oba okulongoosa algorithm? Esobola okufuuka amagezi ng'ekozesebwa okumala ekiseera?"
Ekiraga 3: Okuddiŋŋana n’okutebenkera– Omusingo gw’okusiga ensimbi mu bbanga eggwanvu-
Ekyuma ekikola obulungi leero naye nga kiwuguka enkya awatali kubuusabuusa bbomu ya budde ekuba ku layini y’okufulumya. N’olwekyo, okutebenkera kwe tugoberera kukwata ku bintu bibiri: ekisooka, okuddiŋŋana, ekitegeeza nti oluvannyuma lw’okudduka obukadde n’obukadde, ebyuma bikyayinza okudda ku mutindo gwe gumu ogw’okuzuula; ekyokubiri, uptime, ekitegeeza engeri gye yeesigika mu butuufu.
Emabega w’obutuufu bw’okuddiŋŋana waliwo eggaali y’omukka ezirambika ez’omutindo ogwa waggulu- ezitalabika, ensengeka ya fuleemu y’ekyuma ennywevu, n’enkola entuufu ey’okupima otomatiki. Omubiri gw’ekyuma omugonvu tekyewalika gujja kufuna micro-vibrations nga motor etandise era n’eyimirira ku sipiidi ya waggulu, era okumala ekiseera, obutuufu tekyewalika bujja kubula.
Emize gy’okukebera: Wulira obuzito n’obugumu bw’ekyuma mu ngeri ey’akaseera obuseera n’emikono gyo, era buuza n’obwegendereza ku kika n’enzirukanya y’okupima enkola y’entambula. Era, bulijjo saba data ya MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) okuva eri omugabi. Data eno ejja kusinga kukubuulira butereevu akabi akali waggulu ak’ekyuma okumenya mu ngeri gy’obadde tosuubira.
Ekiraga 4: Enkozesa ya Sofutiweya n’Obuwagizi bw’Ebyekikugu– Ekifo eky’ebisale ebikwekeddwa
Eno ye metric esinga okwanguyirwa okunyooma, naye ate erina enkosa egenda mu maaso mu bulamu bwonna obw’ekyuma. Sofutiweya alina dizayini ewakanya-omuntu n'ensonga y'emirimu ey'akavuyo ejja kwongera nnyo ku nsaasaanya y'okuyiga eri bayinginiya bo n'obudde bw'okukola pulogulaamu.
Mu kiseera kye kimu, nsaba okakasa nti weetegereza enkola y’obuyambi obw’ekikugu ey’omugabi. Bayinza okuddamu mangu batya ng’ebyuma biremye mu bwangu ekiro ekikeesezza olwaleero? Basobola okuwa obulagirizi okuva ewala bwokka, oba basobola okusindika mangu bayinginiya mu kifo ekyo? Okulongoosa pulogulaamu za kompyuta kwa bwereere? Enzirukanya y’okugabira sipeeya n’ebbeeyi ya sipeeya omukulu (core spare parts) bitangaavu?
Nga tonnasalawo kusembayo, kakasa nti obuuza butereevu: "Nsaba ontegeeze bulungi omutindo gw'ensimbi z'okuweereza ku-omukutu bwe ziri oluvannyuma lw'ekiseera kya ggaranti? Obudde bw'okutuusa ekitundu ky'okwolesebwa ekikulu bwe buliwa?" Eby’okuddamu mu bibuuzo bino bitera okukuwa ekifaananyi ekitegeerekeka obulungi ku nsaasaanya entuufu ey’obwannannyini obw’ekiseera ekiwanvu-.
Kati, metrics zino ennya zikulagiddwa bulungi.Naye nkimanyi nti mu butuufu, kitera okuba ekizibu okufuna ekyuma ekiteeba obulungi mu bipimo byonna ebitaano. N’olwekyo, nneetaaga okugabanya obuzito okusinziira ku byetaago byennyini eby’okufulumya:
● Singa ekintu kyange kizingiramu obutuufu obw’amaanyi n’ebika by’okupakinga eby’enjawulo, awatali kubuusabuusa bye nsinga okukulembeza bijja kwesigama ku metric one (precision) ne metric two (low false positive rate).
● Singa layini yange ey’okufulumya egenderera okukola ekinene-ekinene-efficiency single-product output, olwo metric two (speed versus false positive balance) ne metric four (automated integration) zijja kufuuka bye nsinga okulowoozaako.
Tusuubira nti mu bufunze buno bujja kukuwa enteekateeka entegeerekeka ey’olugendo lwo oluddako olw’okulonda ebyuma. Lwaki togitereka nga olukalala lw'okukebera "ebibuuzo by'okunoonya emmeeme-okuteesa n'abakugu
Abakola ebintu abaagala ebyuma ebikebera amaaso mu ngeri ya Automatic
Okulonda omugabi w’ebyuma alina tekinologiya akuze, eddaala erya waggulu ery’obwengula, obusobozi bw’okuddukanya digito, n’empeereza enzijuvu oluvannyuma lw’okutunda kikulu nnyo mu kwongera okuvuganya okukulu n’okutuukiriza okusoomoozebwa kw’akatale mu biseera eby’omu maaso. Bw’oba oyagala ebyuma byaffe oba nga weetaaga eky’okugonjoola ensonga esingako obulungi, tukusaba otuukirire tujja kukuwa empeereza esinga okwewaayo.
